Tractor



5 sheets-sheet 1 vH. M. TURNER TRACTOR Filed May 12, -1921 jme. 3, 1924q June 3, 1924. Y 1,496,139

4 H. M. TURNER TRACTOR Filed May 12, 1921 5 Sheets-shea 2 June 3', 1924.'

H. M. TURNER TRACTOR Filed May 12 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 @fifa/w,

, 1,496,139 H. M. TURNER TRACTOR Filed May 12. 1,921 5 sneets-sheet 4 June 3 1924- m. MQ\ Nt June 3, 1924. 1,496,139

H. M. TURNER TRACTORl ,Filed May 12, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 M 19 Ham? uuuuuvljigj"g I Patented .lune 3, 1924.

NTD STTS PATENT OFFICE.

TRACTOR.

Application led'May 12, 1921.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, HARRISON M. TURNER,

a citizen of the United States, residingA at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Tractors, of which the following is a specilication.

My invention relatesV to improvements in tractors.

The object of my invention is to provide a novel tractor which is simple in construction, relatively cheap to make, which is easy to manipulate, which is durable and not liable to get out of order, which can be reversed in its direction of movement in small space and which is efficient in operation.

The novel features of my invention are hereinafter fullydescribed and claimed.

. In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred' embodiment of my invention, v Y Fig. 1 is aside elevation of my improved tractor.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a plan view, reduced, partly `broken away, of the same.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.'

Fig. 5 is anenlarged vertical sectional view, partly broken away, on the line 5 5 of 10.

Fig. 6 is a top view, partly in plan and partly in horizontal section and partly broken away, of my improved tractor.

Fig'. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 7-7 0f Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross section on the line 8-8 of Fig. `6.

Fig. 9 'is ay front end elevation of the Serial No. 468,819.

Siniilar reference characters designate similar parts in the different views.

The tractor is provided with a single rela* tively large traction wheel, comprising an annular rim 1 and two circular side plates 2 which are spaced apart so as to form with the rim a hollow wheel, the plates 2 being secured to the rim 1 adjacent to the edges thereof by bolts 3.

A horizontal rectangular main frame 4: is provided at its middle portion with two transverse tubular trunnions 5 and 6, secured rigidly to the frame and disposed in alinement with each other and on which the two side plates 2 are respectively rotatably mounted.

Mounted in the traction wheel is a-motor, such as an vexplosive engine, having a body 7, from the center of which upwardly eX- tend two standards 8, through which respectively extend and to which are rigidly attached the trunnions 5 and 6, and by which the body of the motor is pivotally suspended in the traction wheel below the axis thereof.

The motor is provided with one or more upright cylinders 9, in which are respectively reciprocatively mounted two pistons 10, connected in the usual manner by two Vconnecting rods 11, with two cranks 12 of a horizontal longitudinal crank shaft 13, which is rotatably mounted in bearings 14, which are held between the body 7 and a crank case cover 15, which is bolted to the lower side of the body 7.

For supporting some of the weight of the motor so as to relieve the trunnions 5 and 6 of a portion of the weight, there are provided a plurality of vertical coil springs 16, the upper ends of which bear against the under side of the cover 15 and are located in recesses provided in the cover, and the lower ends of. which are mounted in rings 17 which are rigidly secured to the upper side of a weight 18, which is carried upon two pairs of end rollers 19, and two central flanged rollers 2O mountedon` two annular tracks 21 on the inner periphery ofthe rim 1." As thetraction wheel' travels along,y the weight 18 is 'adapted for travel by means Aof the rollers '.19-and-20 on the annular track 21.

The body ofthe motor is provided at its L'belt 26.

foi".\fard and rear ends respectively With tivo upwardly extending standards 22, having mounted respectively thereon two boxes 23 in which is rotatably mounted a longitudinal horizontal driven shaft 24, which has rigidly secured to it a sprocket Wheel which is connected by a' chain'vr belt '26 with a sprocket Wheel 27, which is rigitllysecured to the crank shaft 13.

Rigidly securedY on the crank shaft 13 adjacent to the respective ends thereof are two fly Wheels 28. Then the motor is operated,ythe driven shaft 24 is rotated in'oiie direct-ion bythe sprocket Wheels 25 and 27, and the -chain In order that thetraction lWheel may be revolved in botli'fdirectioiis, `n`e"ofi;tlre side plates 2l hasy rigidly secured 'to' its inner side ably mounted lon the shaft "rthe respective ends thereof] "f Sphned ouille ,Shaft 24 so as to` slide have frictional` drivingengageme'nt withV the inner ends o1' kthe' hubs ott-he gearivheels 30 andv 31 respectively. 'l

`lVhen` the clutch `member 32 is engaged with the gear Wheel 30, and the motorv is operated, the'traction Wheel isrevolved in one direction. VVhe'rrthev clutclrm'ember 32' is swinging' links 45, the upper ends of which are pivoted to the frame 4 at opposite sides of tie axis or the traction Wheel.

By reciprocating the bar 44, the connecting har 40 may be moved to engage and disengage the clutch members 32 and 33.

'.'For yieldingly holding the crank arm 41 in the neutral position,l shown is Figs. 2, and v5, the lower end ot the crank arm 41 is provided-With Va Vfshaped notch 46 which is adapted to receive a Wedge shaped projection 47 provided on the free end of a spring plate 48, the other end of which encircles a horizontalpin"-49 extendingr inwardly Jfrom the adjacent standard 8. The spring plate 48 is held betiveenftvf'o inivardly extending ,"pinsO, Fig/5, mounted in thelatl'jacent Foryieldingly holding the crank arm 41 ineither Aof'its ti'v'o'drivingr jpovsitionsfthere ispr'ivided an upright` coil "springllthe iipper'erid or which is attached to a lioria'ontal'pirr 52'mounted iin the crank armj41`, and the other end of Which is attached to anv indva'rd'ly eitendintg'lpin `53f located in Athe adjacentstandard in the same'ivertical" plane *as thearisi o'fjtheshaft 42; `lVhen'thef'crank l'arn'i41iisi'nithe neutral position Vshoivirin "-Fig.`2, 4and in solidlines injFig. 5, thepins 52 and 58 are'in the saine vertical plane. When the crank arm`41 is swung'to'the 'right yor lett or the neutrahposition, the spring 51 Will tend to hold th'e'crank arm moved t0 the release psition and the' dutchJ ill'tllePOSltiOl t',-Wl1iCl1 lt lia'S been swung.

-member is movedf into driving r engagement with thgear Wheel" lfthevtraction Will be revolved* in the'ioppositefdirection'.

` For alternately 'shi t'ti'ngf'ftlie inembers 32 and 33,;"intb' andoutotengagement with the gears= 30 'and 31, andffor shittingd vthe clutch members to'thene'utral position, shown in Figir 2, "there are' provided" tyvoffupright levers 34 Vandv 35', vv'hiclr are "respectively pivoted' tobracketsf and, Which are secured to th'ebody 7. he' leve`rs`34 and 35' respectivelyI carry twotrings and Which are respectively rotatably mounted "in peripheral"grooves provided,thereforin swung sol as to move'tlie clutch liiiernbers" the clutch members y32 ancl.33. U

`longitudinal connecting bar 40 isu respectively pivoted at itsf'ends to thel upper "ends"ottheilevers 34 and reciprocatshaft h isi pi The u'pfpere'nd 4ofthe spring crossesrthe vertical plane of the shaft 42, Whenfthe y"ifrank arm 41 is oscilliatedi betweeny its two driving positions. "'Tofrei'ffolvelthe traction Wheel in one direction, the opera-tor shiftsfthe'-bar44'in one directionlfrohi' the neiitralfposition; To revolve the traction Wheel in'the opposite x('liiectioir,L the"bar'"44 is shifted in the opposite direction 'from the neutral position(A i The' tractor isl provided with a draft frame comprising` tivo end portions 5'4and and an intermediate portionwe'. `The "rearend 'portion 551-is adapted to be'supported upon acarryinewyheel 57, ivhich'is adapted,"forftravel on' the ground. "'fThe frontend'portion 541iis" preferably a substantiallyarcuate bar, the upper end of "Whichislpivotedt ona vertical shouldered bolt 58 which is fitted rigidly ina `vertical `'threadedlholeinman arcuate 4'} late"59', the ends of which are attached to theifup'per v"eide of the' horizontal'portion ofthefraine The bolt 58 is located in v.the vertical Aplane'iot?the airis' ofthe'tract-ion Wheel, and the semi-circular platefgand the plate* 54 l arefcnceritricivith eachother 'and with the rlll l. l J if* effi?? "i "-^"'The Jfront end of the intermediate portion 56 of the-draft frame is"piyoted'byaf'ihori- Zon-tali transversefboltf 1 60, that vth fill tion 56 and with it the rear portion 55 may be swung vertically from the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 1, to the position shown in dotted lines in said figure, for

the purpose of unlocking the draft .frameV from the main frame, to enable the draft frame to be swung from the position shown in solid lines in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, to the position diametrically opposite, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

For releasably locking the draft frame in either of the two positions shown in Fig. 3,l the horizontal portion 4, of the main frame, has mounted on it adjacent to its respective ends two upwardly extending members 61 and 62, which form two upwardly extending abutments adapted to enter a vertical slot 63 in the intermediate portion 56, Fig. 2, and Fig. 4.

Extending upwardly from the portion 56 are two projections 64 and 65 in which are respectively provided holes in which is slidably mounted a horizontal longitudinal rod 66, the rear end of which is attached to a L right angled bolt 67, the horizontal 'arm of which is adapted to enter a slot 68 provided in each of the members 6l and 62. A coil spring 69 encircles the rod 66 and bears at one end against the projection 65. The other end of the spring 69 bears against a collar 70 secured rigidly to the rod 66. The tension of the spring 69 is such as will normally force the bolt 67 into the adjacent slot 68, when either member 61 or.62 is inserted through the slot 63, as shown in Fig. 4.A

For withdrawing the bolt 67 from the slot 68, the upwardly extending arm of the bolt 67 has attached to it one end of a rod 71, the other end of which is pivoted to a lever 72, which is pivoted by a horizontal transverse pin 73 to a bracket 74 secured to the frame portion 55, Fig. 2. When the lever 72 is swung to the locking position, shown in Fig.

2, the rod 71 will be below the pivot pin 73,

thus securely holding the lever from accidental displacement from the locking position. When it is desired to unlock the draft frame from the main frame so that the draft frame may be swung on the bolt 58 from the position shown in solid lines in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6 to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, the lever 72 is swung upwardly and to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, thereby forcing the bolt 67 out of the slot 68. The draft frame is then lifted at its rear end, thus swinging the portion 56 on the bolt 60 to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, in which position, the portion 56 will clear the member 61. The draft frame may then be swung horizontally in either direction on the bolt 58 to the position shown in dotted 'lines in Fig. 3. In this position, the abutment member 62 will enter the slot 63. Then by swinging the lever 72 to the locking position shown in Fig. 2, the bolt 67 will enter i tractor.

the slot 68 in the member 62. The spring 69 will assist the lever 72 in moving to this position.

In order that the frame portion 55 may swing on a horizontal longitudinal axis with respect to the intermediate frame portion 56, to accommodate the carrying wheel 57 to inequalities of the ground, the portion 56 is provided with a rearwardly facing cup shaped member 74 in which is revolubly fitted a forwardly facing cup shaped member 75 which is provided at the front end of the frame portion 55. A longitudinal horizontal bolt 76 extends centrally through the members 74 and 75 and has encircling it a coil spring 77 the front end of which bears aglainst the member 75 and the rear end of w ich bears against a nut 78 mounted on the rear end of the bolt 76.

This Construction permits the frame portion 55 to have an oscillatable movement on a longitudinal horizontal axis with respect to the intermediate portion 56.

For steering the tractor, the carrying wheel 57 is mounted on a U shaped yoke 79 between the arms thereof. The upper central portion of the yoke 79 is rigidly secured to the lower end of a vertical steering shaft 80 which is rotatably mounted in the frame portion 55. A transverse handle bar 81 is secured to the upper end of the shaft 8O adjacent to a seat 82, mounted on the frame portion 55 at the rear of the shaft 80, upon which the operator sits in operating the As a partial counterbalance to the weight of the frame portions 55 and 56, the lower rear end of a coil spring 83 is secured to the upper part of the frame portion 55 adjacent tol the shaft 80, and extends upwardly and forwardly to the curved plate 54 to which the front end of the spring is attached. The spring 83 has a lifting tendency on the frame portion 55. In the coil spring 83 is mounted a rod 84, the lower end ofwhich is attached to and bears against the frame portion 55. When the portion 55 is swung upwardly so as to be free of the abutment 61 or 62, as the case may be, the upper end vof the rod 84 will bear against a bolt 85 which attaches the upper end of the spring 83 to the plate 54, thereby limiting the upward swinging of the frame portions 55 and 56.

When it is desired to use vthe tractor for plowing, the frame portion 55 may have pivoted to it on a transverse bolt 86 mounted in the frame portion 55, the front ends of one or more plow beams 87, to the rear ends of which are respectively secured two outwardly turned plow shares 88 and 89.

For lifting the plow beams 87, they have respectively attached to them the lower ends of two chains 90, the upper ends of which are respectively attached to two rearwardly extending arms 91 of two levers 92, each pivoted to the frame portion 55 by a transverse pin 93, and each having pivoted to it the usual hand operated lever 94 which is connected by a rod 95 with a bolt 96 adapted to enter a toothed segment member 97 secured to the frame portion 55. The usual coil spring 93 on the rod 95 normally forces the belt 96 into engagement with the segment Fig. 2.

n order that the motor may be cranked in starting it, the outer end of a shaft 99, rotatably mounted in and extending through thek trunnion 6, is squared so as to be engaged by a cranking wrench, not shown, of the usual type. Rigidly secured to the inner end of the shaft 99 is a bevel gear wheel 100, which meshes with a bevel gear wheel 101 which is rotatable on the driven shaft 24 and which has mounted in it a pin 102 on which is pivoted a pawl 103 which is adapted to engage a ratchet wheel 104which is rigidly attached tothe shaft 24. A spring 105 mounted at one end on a pin 106 secured to the gear wheel 101 bears at its other end upon the pawl 103 and normally holds the latter engaged with the ratchet wheel 104. The spring 105 is disposed between two pins 107 mounted in the gear wheel 101 and which retain the spring in e operative position on the pin 106. The disposition of the pawl 103 and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 104 is such that, when the shaft 99 is turned in a direction suoli that the pawl has driving engagement with the ratchet wheel 104, the shaft 24 will be turned in a direction such that the en-y gine will be cranked. In order that the shaft 99 may be used for power purposes, it has secured to it a pulley 108 from which power may be taken olf for operating any machine that it may be desired to operate. For this purpose, the pawl 103 has through it a hole adapted to receive a bolt 109, Fig. 11, which is adapted to be mounted in a threaded hole in the gear wheel 101. The position of the pawl when so held by the bolt 109 is such that the pawl is engaged with and can not slip over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 104. The gear wheel 101 will thus be locked to the shaft 24 so as to turn therewith.

ln the operation of the tractor, when it is desired to go ahead or to the right, as viewed in 2, the bolt 109 is withdrawn, and the shaft 99 cranked so as to startithe engine, the shaft 13 of which will turn counterclockwise, when looking forwardly at the rear end of the crank shaft 13. The shaft 24 will be driven in like direction by the chain belt 26 and the sprocket wheels 25 and 27. rllhe operating bar 44 is then shiftedwfrom the neutral positionl rearwardly so as to engage the clutch member 33 with the gear wheel 31, and the latter will revolve the traction wheel forwardly or clockwise, as viewed lin Fig. 2. The levers 92'n 4are then operated to lower the plowshares 88 and 89 into operative position upon which the plowing will begin.

When the endy of the row is reached, or when it is desired to drive the traction wheel in the opposite direction, the bar 44 is shifted to neutral, and the lever 72 is swung to releaseithe 'trame portion 56 from locked engagement by the bolt 07 with the abutment member 61. The frame portion 55 and the frame portion 56 are then swung upwardly so as to have the portion 56 free from the abutment member 61. after which, the draft frame is swung on the bolt 58. to the positionshown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. rThe lever 72 is then swung to engage the iolt 67 with the abutment member 62. r1`he bar 44 is ythen shifted from neutral to the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, thereby shifting the clutch member 32l into driving engagement with the gear wheel 30, and the latter will revolve the traction wheel counter clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 2.

From the foregoingit will be noted that when the tractor is to be driven back and forth it is not necessary to turn the traction wheel horizontally, but the draft frame is swung from one position to the other andthebar 44 is operatedto shift the clutch members to change the direction of rotation of the traction wheel.

Vhcn it is desired to have the motor revolve theshaft 99, the clutch members are shifted to neutral, and the bolt 109 is inserted through the pawl and into the gear wheel 101, lthe motor being slowed down suiiciently to permit the insertion of the bolt.

` The weight 18 in addition to serving as a support for the springs 16, also serves as a stabilizer. for the traction wheel to prevent the latter tipping over sidewise. Thev suspending of the motor below the axis of the traction wheel also serves to stabilize the wheel.` When the engine Aor motor is started, it hasa tendency to swing upwardly around the axis, of the traction wheel, due to its geared connection with the latter, but owing to the rigid connection of the motor standards 8 with the frame 4, by means of the rigidly attached trunnions 5 and 6, this tendency is overcome, and the driving thrust of the engine is transferred to the ground through the frame 4, the trailing auxiliary frame and thecarrying wheel 57.

This .action takes place when the tractor is driven forwardly in either direction.

In addition to the springs 16` serving, as an auxiliary support vfor the motor, through the intermediacy of the stabilizing weight 18, said springs serve also as a flexible yielding means for holdingthe motor, and weight in substantial vertical alinement with each other.

Idopnotlimit .my invention to `the structic? ture shown and described, as many modifications, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. V

l/Vhat I claim is 1. In a tractor, a` revoluble traction wheel having an annular rack, a motor in said' wheel, means supported bythe wheel for supporting the motor, a pair of gear wheels rotatable on said supporting means and meshing with said rack at diametrically opposite points thereon, and manually controlled means actuated by the motor by which the gear wheels may be alternately rotated, substantially as set forth.

2. In a tractor, a revoluble traction wheel having an annularl rack, a motor in said wheel having a body, a main frame supported by the wheel and supporting the motor body, a driven shaft rotatable on said motor body, means actuated by the motor for rotatingsaid shaft, two gear wheels meshing with said rack at opposite sides respectively of the axis of said wheel and rotatable on said shaft, two clutch members rotatable with said shaft and movable thereon into and out 4of driving engagement with said gear wheels respectively, and means by which when either of said clutch members is moved into the driving position the other clutch member is moved from the driving position, substantially as set forth.

3. In a tractor, a revoluble trac-tion wheel having an annular rack, a motor .in said wheel having a body, a main frame supported by the wheel and supporting the motor body, a driven shaft rotatable on the motor body, a supporting member adapted for travel on and to be supported by the inner periphery of said wheel, resilient means supported by said member and supporting said motor body, means actuated by the motor for rotating said shaft, two gear wheels meshing with said rack and rotatable on said shaft and disposed at opposite sides respectively of the axis of the wheel, and clutch mechanism by which said gear wheels may be alternately locked to said shaft, substantially as set forth.

4. In a tractor, a revoluble traction Wheel, a motor in said wheel, driving means connecting the motor and said wheel, a main frame supported by the wheel and supporting the motor and having two abutments at opposite sides respectively of the axis of said wheel, a draft frame pivoted to the main frame on a vert-ical axis and adapted to be swung to diametrically opposite positions in which it will respectively engage said abutments, and releasable means for locking the draft frame to either of saidabutments, substantially as set forth.

5. In a tractor, a revoluble traction wheel, a main frame supported by the wheel, driving means supported by the main framefor -rotating said wheel, and a draft frame comprising two portions hinged to each other on ,a horizontal axis, one portion being pivoted on a'verti'cal axis to the main frame so as to be .swung to two diametrically opposite positions with respect to the axis of the wheel,

tions hinged to each other on a horizontal axis, one portion being pivoted on a vertical axis to the main frame and adapted to be swung to two positions at diametrically opposite sides to the axis of said wheel, the other portion having means for being interlocked to said main frame in said two positions, and means adapted to tra-vel on the ground for supporting said other portion, substantially as set forth.

7. In a tractor, a revoluble traction wheel, a main frame supported by said wheel, a draft frame comprising two end portions and an intermediate portion, the intermediate portion being pivoted to the end portions respectively on horizontal axes at right angles to each other, one of said axes being parallel with the axis of the wheel, one of said end portions being attached to and supported by the main frame, means adapted for travel on, the ground for supporting the other end portion, means for releasably locking said intermediate portion to the main frame, and driving means carried bythe main frame for rotating said wheel, substantially as set forth.

8. In a tractor, a revoluble traction wheel, a main frame supported by said wheel, a draft frame comprising two end portions and an intermediate portion, the intermediate portion being pivoted to the end portions respectively on horizontal axes at right angles to each other, one of said axes being parallel with the axis of the wheel, one of said end portions being pivoted on a vertical axis, which intersects the axis of the wheel, to said main frame, means adapted for travel on the ground for supporting said other end portion, means for releasably locking said intermediate portion to the main frame in two positions at diametrically opposite sides respectively of the axis of the wheel, and means carried by the main frame for rotating said wheel, substantially as set forth.

9. In a tractor, a revoluble traction wheel having an annular rack, a main frame supported by the wheel and on which the latter is revoluble, a motor supported by said frame in said wheel, a driven shaft rotatable on said motor and intersecting the axis of said wheel, means actuated by the motor for rotating Said haie vwo 'gerwheels fmt@- two clutch members otatble with 'sid 'shaft-and :adapted to respectively h'ztve dving engagement with seid 'geen Whees, 'a draft frame 'attached to 'sjajd "frame, means adapted for travel Onftleti'oid'ffj'r 

